Dhawaan, saaxiib ayaa waydiinayay, immisa kamaradood oo ilaalin shabakadeed ayaa beddeli kara wadista?Immisa dawirro gigabit ah ayaa lagu xidhi karaa 2 milyan oo kamaradaha shabakadeed?24 madax shabakadeed, ma isticmaali karaa 24-dekedda 100M beddelka?dhibaatadan oo kale.Maanta, aan eegno xiriirka ka dhexeeya tirada dekedaha beddelka iyo tirada kamaradaha!
1. Dooro iyadoo loo eegayo qulqulka koodka iyo tirada kamaradda
1. qulqulka koodhka kamarada
Kahor intaadan dooran beddelka, marka hore qiyaas inta xajmiyeedka sawir kasta uu ku jiro.
2. Tirada kamaradaha
3. Si loo ogaado awoodda xajmiyeedka furaha.Shixnadaha sida caadiga ah loo isticmaalo waa furayaasha 100M iyo furayaasha Gigabit.Xawaalahooda dhabta ah guud ahaan waa kaliya 60 ~ 70% ee qiimaha aragtida, sidaa darteed xawaaraha la heli karo ee dekedooda waa qiyaastii 60Mbps ama 600Mbps.
Tusaale:
U fiirso hal ilbiriqsi iyadoo loo eegayo astaanta IP-ga kamaradda aad isticmaalayso, ka dibna qiyaas inta kamaradood ee lagu xidhi karo beddelka.tusaale ahaan :
①1.3 milyan: Hal xabbo oo kamarad ah oo 960p ah badiyaa waa 4M, oo leh 100M beddelaad, waxaad ku xidhi kartaa 15 unug (15×4=60M);Gigabit shiil, waxaad ku xidhi kartaa 150 (150×4=600M).
②2 milyan: 1080P camera oo leh hal durdur inta badan 8M, oo leh 100M beddelka, waxaad ku xidhi kartaa 7 unug (7×8=56M);Gigabit shiil, waxaad ku xidhi kartaa 75 unug (75×8=600M) Kuwani waa kuwa caadiga ah u qaado kamarada H.264 tusaale ahaan si ay kuugu sharaxdo, H.265 waa la kala badh karaa.
Marka la eego topology-ga shabakadda, shabakadda aagga maxalliga ahi badanaa waa qaab-dhismeed laba ilaa saddex lakab ah.Dhamaadka ku xira kamarada waa lakabka gelitaanka, iyo furaha 100M guud ahaan waa ku filan, haddii aadan ku xirin kamarado badan hal shid.
Lakabka isku-darka iyo lakabka xudunta ah waa in loo xisaabiyaa iyadoo loo eegayo inta sawir ee isku-darka beddelka.Habka xisaabinta waa sida soo socota: haddii lagu xiro kamaradda shabakadda 960P, guud ahaan gudaha 15 kanaal ee sawirada, isticmaal furaha 100M;haddii ay ka badan yihiin 15 kanaal, isticmaal giraanta gigabit;haddii lagu xiro kamarad shabakad 1080P ah, guud ahaan gudaha 8 kanaal oo sawirro ah, isticmaal furaha 100M, in ka badan 8 kanaal ayaa adeegsada giraanta Gigabit.
Marka labaad, shuruudaha xulashada beddelka
Shabakadda la socodka waxay leedahay naqshad saddex-lakab ah: lakabka asaasiga ah, lakabka isku-darka, iyo lakabka gelitaanka.
1. Xulashada furayaasha lakabka gelitaanka
Xaaladda 1: qulqulka koodhka kamarada: 4Mbps, 20 kamaradood waa 20*4=80Mbps.
Taasi waa in la yiraahdo, dekedda gelinta ee beddelka lakabka gelitaanka waa inuu buuxiyaa shuruudaha gudbinta 80Mbps / s.Iyadoo la tixgelinayo heerka gudbinta dhabta ah ee wareejinta (sida caadiga ah 50% ee qiimaha magaca, 100M waxay ku saabsan tahay 50M), markaa lakabka gelitaanka Shimbiraha waa inuu doortaa beddelka leh 1000M soo dejinta.
Xaaladda 2: Xakamaynta xawaaraha dhabarka ee wareejinta, haddii aad dooratid beddelka 24-dekedood oo leh laba dekedood oo 1000M ah, wadar ahaan 26 dekedood, markaa shuruudaha bandwidth dhabarka ee wareejinta lakabka gelitaanka waa: (24 * 100M * 2+ 1000*2*2 )/1000=8.8Gbps xawaaraha diyaarada dhabarka
Xaaladda 3: Heerka gudbinta baakidhka: Xadiga gudbinta baakidhku ee 1000M deked waa 1.488Mpps/s, ka dib heerka beddelka beddelka lakabka gelitaanka waa: (24*100M/1000M+2)*1.488=6.55Mpps.
Marka loo eego shuruudaha kor ku xusan, marka kamaradaha 20 720P ay ku xiran yihiin beddelka, beddelka waa inuu lahaadaa ugu yaraan hal deked 1000M ah iyo in ka badan 20 100M oo dekedo ah si loo buuxiyo shuruudaha.
2. Xulashada wareegyada lakabka isku-darka
Haddii wadar ahaan 5 shid ay ku xidhan yihiin, shixnad kastaa waxay leedahay 20 kamaradood, qulqulka koodkuna waa 4M, markaa taraafikada lakabka isku-darka waa: 4Mbps*20*5=400Mbps, markaas rajada la geliyo lakabka isu-ururinta waa inay ka sareysaa. 1000M.
Haddii 5 IPC ay ku xiran yihiin beddelka, badiyaa 8-dekedood ayaa loo baahan yahay, markaa tan
8-dekedu ma buuxisay shuruudaha?Waxa laga dheehan karaa saddexdan arrimood:
Xawaaraha diyaaradda dhabarka: tirada dekedaha*xawaaraha deked*2=bandwidhis diyaaradeed, ie 8*100*2=1.6Gbps.
Qiimaha sarifka baakadka: tirada dekedaha*xawaaraha dekeddu/1000*1.488Mpps=qiimaha sarifka baakadka, yacni, 8*100/1000*1.488=1.20Mpps.
Qiimaha sarifka baakidhka ee furayaasha qaar ayaa mararka qaarkood loo xisaabiyaa in aanu buuxin karin shuruudahan, markaa waa bedel aan silig-xawaaraha ahayn, kaas oo ay fududahay in uu dib u dhac ku keeno marka la qabanayo tirooyin badan.
Xajmiga xadhkaha goosha: IPC stream * quantity = xadiga ugu yar ee dekeda la soo geliyo, ie 4.*5=20Mbps.Caadiyan, marka xawaaraha IPC uu dhaafo 45Mbps, waxaa lagu talinayaa in la isticmaalo 1000M deked cascade ah.
3. Sida loo doorto beddelka
Tusaale ahaan, waxaa jira shabakad kambas ah oo leh in ka badan 500 oo kamaradood oo qeexid sare ah iyo qulqul kood ah 3 ilaa 4 megabyte.Qaab dhismeedka shabakadu wuxuu u qaybsan yahay gelitaanka lakabka-isku-darka lakabka-core.Waxaa lagu kaydiyaa lakabka isku-darka, lakab kasta oo isku-darka ah wuxuu u dhigmaa 170 kamaradood.
Dhibaatooyinka soo wajaha: sida loo doorto alaabada, farqiga u dhexeeya 100M iyo 1000M, maxay yihiin sababaha saameeya gudbinta sawirada shabakada, iyo maxay yihiin arrimaha la xidhiidha beddelka ...
1. Baaxadda dhabarka
2 jeer wadarta awoodda dhammaan dekedaha x tirada dekedu waa inay ka yaraataa xajmiga xajmiga dhabarka ee magaca ah, taas oo awood u siinaysa laba-duplex buuxa oo aan xannibin xawaaraha fiilada, taas oo caddaynaysa in furuhu leeyahay shuruudo si loo kordhiyo waxqabadka beddelka xogta.
Tusaale ahaan: furaha bixin kara ilaa 48 Gigabit, awoodiisa qaabaynta buuxda waa inay gaadho 48 × 1G × 2 = 96Gbps, si loo hubiyo in marka dekedaha oo dhami ay buuxaan duplex, ay bixin karto baakidh-xawaaraha silig-xawaaraha aan xidhin. .
2. Heerka gudbinta baakadaha
Heerka gudbinta qaabeynta buuxda (Mbps) = tirada dekedaha GE si buuxda loo habeeyay × 1.488Mpps + tirada si buuxda loo habeeyey 100M dekedo × 0.1488Mpps, iyo soosaarka aragtida hal gigabit deked marka dhererka baakidhku yahay 64 bytes waa 1.488Mpps.
Tusaale ahaan, haddii shiduhu uu bixin karo ilaa 24 gigabit dekedood oo xadiga gudbinta baakidhku uu ka yar yahay 35.71 Mpps (24 x 1.488Mpps = 35.71), markaas waa macquul in loo qaato in dawiishku loogu talagalay maro xannibaysa.
Guud ahaan, beddelka leh bandwidth ku filan diyaaradda dhabarka iyo heerka gudbinta baakidhku waa beddel ku habboon.
Beddelka leh diyaarad dhabarka oo aad u weyn iyo wax soo saar aad u yar, marka lagu daro sii haysashada awoodda cusboonaysiinta iyo ballaarinta, waxay leedahay dhibaatooyin hufnaanta software/naqshad wareeg ah oo loo yaqaan chip circuit;beddelka leh diyaarad-dhabareed oo aad u yar iyo wax-soo-saar baaxad leh ayaa leh waxqabad guud oo sarreeya.
Qulqulka code-ka kamaradku wuxuu saameeyaa caddaynta, taas oo inta badan ah goobta qulqulka koodka ee gudbinta fiidiyowga (oo ay ku jiraan awoodaha cod-bixinta iyo dejinta qalabka gudbinta iyo helitaanka qalabka, iwm.), taas oo ah waxqabadka kamaradda hore ee hore oo leh waxba kuma laha shabakada.
Caadi ahaan isticmaalayaashu waxay u maleynayaan in caddayntu aysan ahayn mid sare, fikradda ah in ay sababto shabakadu dhab ahaantii waa isfaham la'aan.
Marka loo eego kiiska kore, xisaabi:
Socodka: 4Mbps
Helitaanka: 24*4=96Mbps<1000Mbps<4435.2Mbps
Isku-darka: 170*4=680Mbps<1000Mbps<4435.2Mbps
3. Furaha gelitaanka
Tixgelinta ugu weyni waa isku xirka bandwidth ee u dhexeeya gelitaanka iyo isku-darka, taas oo ah, awoodda kor u qaadida ee beddelka waxay u baahan tahay inay ka badan tahay tirada kamaradaha la dejin karo isku mar * heerka koodhka.Sidan oo kale, ma jiraan wax dhib ah oo ku saabsan duubista fiidiyowga waqtiga-dhabta ah, laakiin haddii isticmaaluhu uu daawado fiidiyowga wakhtiga dhabta ah, bandwidthkan ayaa u baahan in la tixgeliyo.Xadka baaxadda ee uu isticmaalo isticmaale kasta si uu u daawado muuqaal waa 4M.Marka hal qof uu daawanayo, bandwidth tirada kamaradaha * bit rate * (1+N) ayaa loo baahan yahay, taas oo ah, 24*4*(1+1)=128M.
4. Isku darka
Lakabka isku-darka wuxuu u baahan yahay inuu socodsiiyo qulqulka 3-4M (170*4M=680M) ee kamaradaha 170 isku mar, taas oo macnaheedu yahay in lakabka isku-ururinta uu u baahan yahay inuu taageero isku mar gudbinta in ka badan 680M ee awoodda beddelka.Guud ahaan, kaydinta waxay ku xiran tahay isku-darka, markaa duubista fiidiyowga waxaa lagu gudbiyaa xawaaraha siliga.Si kastaba ha ahaatee, iyadoo la tixgelinayo xajmiga xajmiga ee daawashada iyo kormeerka-waqtiga dhabta ah, xiriir kastaa wuxuu ku jiraa 4M, iyo 1000M isku xirka wuxuu taageeri karaa kamaradaha 250 si loo saxo loona waco.Mid kasta oo ka mid ah furaha gelitaanka wuxuu ku xiran yahay 24 kamaradood, 250/24, taas oo macnaheedu yahay in shabakadu ay u adkeysan karto cadaadiska 10 isticmaalayaasha ee daawashada kamarad kasta isla waqti isku mid ah.
5. Furaha muhiimka ah
Furaha xudunta u ah wuxuu u baahan yahay inuu tixgeliyo awoodda beddelka iyo xawaaraha isku xirka isku-darka.Sababtoo ah kaydinta waxaa lagu dhejiyaa lakabka isku-darka, furaha udub-dhexaadka ah ma laha cadaadiska duubista fiidiyowga, taas oo ah, kaliya waxay u baahan tahay in la tixgeliyo inta qof ee daawanaya inta jeer ee fiidiyooga ah ee isku mar ah.
Iyadoo loo maleynayo in kiiskan, ay jiraan 10 qof oo kormeeraya isku mar, qof kasta oo daawanaya 16 kanaal oo fiidiyoow ah, taas oo ah, awoodda sarifka ayaa loo baahan yahay in ay ka weyn tahay.
10*16*4=640M.
6. Bedel diiradda xulashada
Markaad dooranayso furayaasha ilaalinta fiidiyooga ee shabakada degaanka, xulashada lakabka gelitaanka iyo dareemada lakabka isku-darka inta badan waxay u baahan yihiin oo kaliya inay tixgeliyaan qodobka awoodda beddelka, sababtoo ah isticmaalayaashu waxay inta badan ku xiraan oo helaan fiidiyooga iyada oo loo marayo furayaasha asaasiga ah.Intaa waxaa dheer, maadaama cadaadiska ugu weyni uu ku jiro furayaasha lakabka isku-darka, ma aha oo kaliya mas'uul ka ah la socodka taraafikada kaydsan, laakiin sidoo kale cadaadiska daawashada iyo kormeerka wacitaanka wakhtiga dhabta ah, sidaas darteed aad bay muhiim u tahay in la doorto isku-darka ku habboon. furayaasha
Waqtiga boostada: Mar-17-2022